The Colorful History of the St. Patricks Day Parade

The history of the St. Patricks Day parade began with modest gatherings in the streets of colonial America. And throughout the 19th century, large public celebrations to mark St. Patricks Day became potent political symbols. And while the legend of St. Patrick had ancient roots in Ireland, the modern notion of St. Patricks Day came into being in American cities in the 1800s. Over more than two centuries the tradition of the St. Patricks Day parade flourished in American cities. In the modern era the tradition continues and is essentially a permanent part of American life. Fast Facts: The St. Patrick's Day Parade The earliest St. Patricks Day parade in America was conducted by Irish soldiers serving in the British Army.In the early 1800s, the parades tended to be modest neighborhood events, with local residents marching to churches.As Irish immigration increased in America, the parades became large an raucous events, sometimes with dueling parades held on the same day.The famous New York City St. Patricks Day parade is massive yet traditional, with many thousands of marchers yet no floats or motorized vehicles. Roots of the Parade In Colonial America According to legend, the earliest celebration of the holiday in America took place in Boston in 1737, when colonists of Irish descent marked the event with a modest parade. According to a book on the history of St. Patricks Day published in 1902 by John Daniel Crimmins, a New York businessman, the Irish who gathered in Boston in 1737 formed the Charitable Irish Society. The organization comprised Irish merchants and tradesmen of Irish of the Protestant faith. The religious restriction was relaxed and Catholics began to join in the 1740s.   The Boston event is generally cited as the earliest celebration of St. Patricks Day in America. Yet historians as far back as a century ago would point out that a prominent Irish-born Roman Catholic, Thomas Dongan, had been governor of the Province of New York from 1683 to 1688. Given Dongans ties to his native Ireland, it has long been speculated that some observance of St. Patricks Day must have been held in colonial New York during that period. However, no written record of such events seems to have survived. Events from the 1700s are recorded more reliably, thanks to the introduction of newspapers in colonial America. And in the 1760s we can find substantial evidence of St. Patricks Day events in New York City. Organizations of Irish-born colonists would place notices in the citys newspapers announcing St. Patricks Day gatherings to be held at various taverns. On March 17, 1757, a celebration of St. Patricks Day was held at Fort William Henry, an outpost along the northern frontier of British North America. Many of the soldiers garrisoned at the fort were actually Irish. The French (who may have had their own Irish troops) suspected the British fort would be caught off-guard, and they staged an attack, which was repulsed, on St. Patricks Day. The British Army in New York Marked St. Patricks Day In late March 1766, the New York Mercury reported that St. Patrick’s Day had been marked with the playing of â€Å"fifes and drums, which produced a very agreeable harmony.† Prior to the American Revolution, New York was generally garrisoned by British regiments, and it has been noted that usually one or two regiments had strong Irish contingents. Two British infantry regiments in particular, the 16th and 47th Regiments of Foot, were primarily Irish. And officers of those regiments formed an organization, the Society of the Friendly Brothers of St. Patrick, that held celebrations to mark March 17th. The observances generally consisted of both military men and civilians gathering to drink toasts, and participants would drink to the King, as well as to â€Å"the prosperity of Ireland.† Such celebrations were held at establishments including Hull’s Tavern and a tavern known as Bolton and Sigel’s. Post-Revolutionary St. Patricks Day Celebrations During the Revolutionary War the celebrations of St. Patrick’s Day seem to have been muted. But with peace restored in a new nation, the celebrations resumed, but with a very different focus. Gone, of course, were the toasts to the health of the King. Beginning on March 17, 1784, the first St. Patrick’s Day after the British evacuated New York, the celebrations were held under the auspices of a new organization without Tory connections, the Friendly Sons of St. Patrick. The day was marked with music, no doubt again by fifes and drums, and a banquet was held at Cape’s Tavern in lower Manhattan. Huge Crowds Flocked to the St. Patricks Day Parade Parades on St. Patrick’s Day continued throughout the early 1800s, and the early parades would often consist of processions marching from parish churches in the city to the original St. Patricks Cathedral on Mott Street. As the Irish population of New York swelled in the years of the Great Famine, the number of Irish organizations also increased. Reading old accounts of St. Patrick’s Day observances from the 1840s and early 1850s, it’s staggering to see how many organizations, all with their own civic and political orientation, were marking the day. The competition sometimes became heated, and in at least one year, 1858, there were actually two large and competing, St. Patricks Day parades in New York. In the early 1860s, the Ancient Order of Hibernians, an Irish immigrant group originally formed in the 1830s to combat nativism, began organizing one massive parade, which it still does to this day. The parades were not always without incident. In late March 1867, the New York newspapers were full of stories about violence that broke out at the parade in Manhattan, and also at a St. Patricks Day march in Brooklyn. Following that fiasco, the focus in following years was on making the parades and celebrations of St. Patricks Day a respectable reflection on the growing political influence of the Irish in New York. The St. Patricks Day Parade Became a Mighty Political Symbol A lithograph of a St. Patricks Day parade in New York in the early 1870s shows a mass of people assembled in Union Square. Whats noteworthy is that the procession includes men costumed as gallowglasses, ancient soldiers of Ireland. They are marching before a wagon holding a bust of Daniel OConnell, the great 19th-century Irish political leader. The lithograph was published by Thomas Kelly (a competitor of Currier and Ives)  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹and was probably a popular item for sale. It indicates how the St. Patricks Day parade was becoming an annual symbol of Irish-American solidarity, complete with ​the  veneration of ancient Ireland as well as 19th century Irish nationalism. 1919 St. Patricks Day parade in New York City.   Getty Images The Modern St. Patricks Day Parade Emerged In 1891 the Ancient Order of Hibernians adopted the familiar parade route, the march up Fifth Avenue, which it still follows today. And other practices, such as the banning of wagons and floats, also became standard. The parade as it exists today is essentially the same as it would have been in the 1890s, with many thousands of people marching, accompanied by bagpipe bands as well as brass bands. St. Patricks Day is also marked in other American cities, with large parades being staged in Boston, Chicago, Savannah, and elsewhere. And the concept of the St. Patricks Day parade has been exported back to Ireland: Dublin began its own St. Patricks Day festival in the mid-1990s, and its flashy parade, which is noted for large and colorful puppet-like characters, draws hundreds of thousands of spectators every March 17th.

Short Essay Sample

There is no doubt that every student during his or her studies deals with a great variety of tasks where writing plays a fundamental role. In general, writing short essays is a well-known part of every education process. It should not be as complicated as completing a capstone project, or a dissertation, or a report. In order to illustrate the way to complete a nice short essay, such issue as the dogs being trapped in hot cars was selected. Saving Dogs Trapped In Hot Cars Every summer many dog owners leave their pets in the hot car without realizing the real dangers for a dog and how fast the temperature inside can actually rise. Well-behaved people cannot just open the unfamiliar car forcibly in order to save a pet without facing any charges in many states. It is a fact that a car may turn into the terrible burning hot oven in a very short period, even if it does not feel that especially warm outside. For example, when it is a 78-degree day outside, the actual temperature inside of the parked car can rise to 110 degrees or even more in less than 20 minutes. Moreover, when it is a 90-degree day, the temperature inside of a car will reach unbearable 160 degrees in 10 minutes or less (Dogs in Hot Cars and on Hot Pavement). It is worth stating that beating the heat appears to be extremely dangerous for the dogs because they can only cool themselves by sweating through the paws pads and by panting. As a result, there is a high chance that they can even die from heatstroke or the brain damage that may be caused in less than 15 minutes of being trapped in a hot car. For these reasons, it is crucial to emphasize that there are several steps that people can do to save the dog trapped in a very hot car. First of all, it is necessary to remember the color and the model of a car and take a picture or write down the license plate number. Secondly, it is possible to go to the nearest building and politely ask the manager or the security guard there to make a special announcement in order find the dog owner as quickly as possible. Thirdly, he/she has to go back outside to the car or ask somebody you know to keep an eye on that dog in order not to leave it until it is safe. When the car owner appears, it would be useful to talk to him/her and share some facts about critical outcomes of this hot situation. Besides, if there are any heatstroke symptoms experienced by the dog such as heavy panting, excessive thirst, restlessness, lack of coordination, vomiting, lethargy, rapid heartbeat, dark tongue, lack of appetite, or bloody diarrhea, it appears to be an emergency! (Dogs in Hot Cars and on Hot Pavement). That is why even if the police are unreachable or they cannot to come at the moment, people’s instinct can decide to break the window of the â€Å"burning† car as soon as possible and to set the suffering dog free. Furthermore, when the savior manages to get a dog out of a car, he/she needs to take the pet to the air-conditioned vehicle or a building. In fact, he/she should to provide water for the pet to drink, or maybe even spray the pet with a garden hose or immerse it in the tub of not very cold water for a couple of minutes in order to decrease the body temperature. As it has been noted, it is essential to educate people about the dangers of staying in the â€Å"burning† car for the pets. With this in mind, it is worth creating the law projects considering the pets left unattended in the dangerously hot cars in the summer as well as the laws for citizens, which are trying to help a pet trapped in an extremely hot car. Works Cited 5 Things to Do if You See a Dog in a Hot Car. PETA. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 July 2015. . Dogs in Hot Cars and on Hot Pavement. PETA. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 July 2015. . Du Toit, Jessica. Is Having Pets Morally Permissible? Journal of Applied Philosophy, vol. 33, no. 3, 2015, pp. 327-343. Gomart, Samantha B., et al. Accuracy of different temperature reading techniques and associated stress response in hospitalized dogs. Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care, vol. 24, no. 3, 2014, pp. 279-285. Katzenbach, Julia E., and Daniel S. Foy. Retrospective evaluation of the effect of antivenom administration on hospitalization duration and treatment cost for dogs envenomated by Crotalus viridis : 113 dogs (2004-2012). Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care, vol. 25, no. 5, 2015, pp. 655-659.

Teen Suicide Paper Free Essays

Teen Suicide Teen suicide has been a continually growing problem over the years. Each year thousands of teens are attempting or completing suicide. Suicide is the third-leading cause of death for 15-24 year-olds, according to The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). We will write a custom essay sample on Teen Suicide Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is also the sixth leading cause of death for ages 5-14. The risk of suicides increase tremendously when there’s access to firearms at home. Nearly 60% of all suicides in the U. S. are committed with a gun. That is one of the reasons why they say you should keep them unloaded, locked and kept in a safe place away from children. Another increase in suicides is overdosing on over-the-counter drugs and prescriptions, and non-prescription drugs because it’s very easy for teens to have access to these. Suicide rates differ between boys and girls. Girls think about it twice as often as boys and tend to attempt suicide by overdosing or cutting themselves. Yet boys die by suicide about four times more than girls only because they use guns, hang themselves or jump from heights. When you’re a teen there are many possibilities but also a lot of stress and worry. There is pressure to fit in, perform academically and to just be a responsible teen. Which cause many teens to break and want to give up and end their life. Teens with mental disorders such as anxiety, bipolar disorder or insomnia are at a higher risk of suicidal thoughts. As well as teens with major life changes such as parents divorcing, moving, financial changes, or just conflict with a parent and those who are victims of bullying are at a even greater risk of suicidal thoughts. Bullying can cause someone to have suicidal thoughts, attempt or commit suicide. That’s why you should think about what is going on in someone elses life before you pick on them because that one comment from you could cause them to end their life. Some warning signs to know if a teen is thinking about suicide might be them giving hints that they might not want to be around anymore, pulling away from family and friends, losing interest in school or sports, grades dropping, and changes in eating and sleeping habits. These are all possible signs that they may be struggling and thinking about suicide. One thing you should NOT do is think that they’re just saying they want to kill themselves â€Å"for attention†. That will make them not want to confide to you or anyone, and could lead them to actually attempt suicide. If you’re a parent and feel you can’t handle it contact your doctor and have them refer you to psychiatrist. If you’re a friend be there for that person and show them that you care and want them here and then ask them to call their doctor and get help or call (888) SUICIDE. I hope that this speech taught you about teen suicide, the risks and warning signs and how to help someone having these thoughts. How to cite Teen Suicide Paper, Essay examples

Human Resource for Rights of Employees - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theHuman Resource for Rights of Employees. Answer: Introduction The recommendation section in the PowerPoint is provided to provide the audience with some measurers which Dominos Pizza can consider while improving their Human Resource Management, and particularly the rights of employees. According to the writer, there should be proper employment contract, what (R Blanpain; Hiroya Nakakubo; Takashi Araki, 2010) refer to as a written and documented agreement that lays out obligatory terms and conditions of an employment relation between the employer and the employee. Besides, the bureaucratic procedures which an employee should follow while filing a complaint should not be lengthy, rather they should be easy and less cumbersome. Moreover, it could not be unlawful to compensate employees on cash, but the company is certainly taking a risk when taking such a stance. The best method to curb against this is to pay every worker via a cheque or direct deposit, which can be carried out with ease by use of a payroll service. With apayroll servicelikewise s pontaneously provides the firm with payroll reports and payments and records payroll taxes. Thus, it is a prodigious technique to sidestep some of the difficulties that come along with paying employees with cash in hand. On the other hand, penalties levied on employees once found in a mess should be abated to appear more reasonable and rational(Ian Neil; David Chin, 2012). According to the results of the SWOT analysis, one of the outstanding strengths of Dominos Pizza is that the supply chain of the firm is very efficient. This perhaps means that the corporations processes are harnessing resources in the best manner possible, and these resources may be technological, physical, financial or human. In addition, the presenter hints on the crucial issue of HR theories and provides two examples suitable in our case scenario that are EEO (Equal Employment Opportunity) and Rewards and Compensation. (Hursh, 2012) points out that EEO in the Australian level generates equal employment opportunities for all and sundry and helps in reducing the vice of racial or any other sort of discrimination. The theory of Rewards and Compensations requires employees to be appreciated for their contribution in the success of the company. Such rewards and compensations aid in augmenting motivation and job attitude. These aspects of the discussion all focus on one major subject o f ensuring employees rights are observed without blemish. The minimum wage earned by the different employees at least should not go below the dollar level since in such a case then, the worker will be deemed to be operating below the poverty line (Freedland, 2006). Bibliography Freedland, M. R. (2006). The personal employment contract. Oxford [u.a.] : Oxford Univ. Press. Hursh, D. (2012). The final hurdle : a physician's guide to negotiating a fair employment agreement. Charleston, S.C: Advantage. Ian Neil; David Chin. (2012). The Modern Contract of Employment. Sydney, A: Thomson Reuters. R Blanpain; Hiroya Nakakubo; Takashi Araki. (2010). Regulation of fixed-term employment contracts : a comparative overview. Alphen aan den Rijn : Kluwer Law International ; Frederick, MD : Sold and distributed in North, Central and South America by Aspen.